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MATH

P-value Calculator

Estimate p-value from z statistic, probability, left z bound with the P-value Calculator.

Choose a probability directionConvert between a standard-normal Z statistic and one- or two-tailed probability.
8 options
P-VALUE0.04999565

Two-sided P-value: Converts between Z statistics and left-tail, right-tail, center, bounded, or two-sided standard-normal probabilities.

Z statistic
1.96
Left-tail probability
0.97500217
Right-tail probability
0.02499783
Area from center to Z
0.47500217
Central probability
0.95000435
Two-sided probability
0.04999565
Estimate based on the values shown
MethodConverts between Z statistics and left-tail, right-tail, center, bounded, or two-sided standard-normal probabilities.

Before you use the result

The result depends on the entered values, selected mode, and displayed mathematical assumptions.

Sources

CALCULATOR GUIDE

How to use the P-value Calculator

Estimate p-value from z statistic, probability, left z bound with the P-value Calculator. It includes Two-sided P-value, Left-tailed P-value, Right-tailed P-value, Area from center to Z, Central probability, Probability between bounds workflows, so choose the one that matches the values you actually know. Use it to check the arithmetic while keeping the displayed method and entered values with your work.

Step by step

  1. For the P-value, enter z statistic, probability, left z bound, right z bound. Keep each value in the unit displayed beside its field.
  2. Review the selected P-value workflow and inputs, then read p-value in the result panel.
  3. Change one P-value assumption at a time to compare scenarios. Use Reset to restore this tool's worked example values.

How the calculation works

Converts between Z statistics and left-tail, right-tail, center, bounded, or two-sided standard-normal probabilities.

Worked example

In the P-value worked example, z statistic 1.96, probability 0.05, left z bound -1, right z bound 1 produces p-value of 0.04999565. Two-sided P-value: Converts between Z statistics and left-tail, right-tail, center, bounded, or two-sided standard-normal probabilities. Review the displayed units before comparing the result.

Understanding the result

The P-value reports p-value. Use it to check the arithmetic while keeping the displayed method and entered values with your work. The result depends on the entered values, selected mode, and displayed mathematical assumptions.

How to check the answer

Check the P-value answer by substituting p-value back into the stated relationship. Test a simple value such as zero, one, or an equal pair, then confirm that sign, scale, units, and rounding match Converts between Z statistics and left-tail, right-tail, center, bounded, or two-sided standard-normal probabilities.

Common questions

What does the P-value calculate?

Estimate p-value from z statistic, probability, left z bound with the P-value Calculator.

Which P-value inputs have the biggest effect?

p-value responds directly to z statistic, probability, left z bound, right z bound. Change one input while holding the others constant to see its effect.

Is the P-value result exact?

The result depends on the entered values, selected mode, and displayed mathematical assumptions. Recheck z statistic, probability, left z bound and use p-value only for a decision where that level of precision is appropriate.

Formula tests, limits, sources, and guide registry updated September 1, 2026.
INTERPRET THE RESULTRead the math guideCheck assumptions, limitations and comparison methods →